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The (Industrial Areas Foundation ) (IAF) is a national community organizing network established in 1940 by Saul Alinsky, Roman Catholic Bishop Bernard James Sheil and businessman and founder of the Chicago Sun-Times, Marshall Field III. The IAF partners with religious congregations and civic organizations at the local level to help them build organizations of organizations, referred to as broad-based organizations by the IAF, with the purpose of strengthening citizen leadership, developing trust across a community's dividing lines and taking action on issues identified by local community leaders. The Industrial Areas Foundation consists of 65 affiliates in the US, Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany and Australia, with the US projects organized into two regions, (West / Southwest IAF ) and (Metro IAF ). IAF provides training, consultation and organizers for its affiliated organizations. The Industrial Areas Foundation does not provide direct services, but through its organizing has created notable entities for workforce development ((Project QUEST, Capital IDEA, Project IOWA, VIDA, ARRIBA, NOVA, Skills Quest, Capital IDEA - Houston, AZ Career Pathways and JobPath )), healthcare (( Common Ground Healthcare )), and housing development for working- and middle-class families (( Nehemiah Project in East Brooklyn ) and (The Road Home Program in New Orleans )). In 1994, the IAF organization in Baltimore designed and passed the first living wage bill in the US, and since then IAF organizations across the country have won changes including municipal living wage policies for public sector workers and living wage requirements for tax abatements or economic incentives, that have raised the wages of millions of workers. ==History== Alinsky's first organizing project was the Back of the Yards Neighborhood Council, founded in 1939 as the Packinghouse Workers union was organizing Chicago's meatpacking industry.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', ch. 7, pp. 67-76.〕 Based on his work with Back of the Yards, Alinsky laid out his vision for "People's Organizations" in his book ''Reveille for Radicals'' in 1946. After World War II Alinsky met Fred Ross in California, and in 1949 agreed to back his plan to organize the Community Service Organization in Mexican-American communities. Ross introduced house-meetings as an organizing technique, and built a network of 30 CSOs in California with energetic young organizers Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', pp. 222-238.〕 In Chicago, Alinsky developed a team of organizers including journalist Nicholas von Hoffman, ex-seminarian Edward T. Chambers, and Tom Gaudette, who developed such groups as the Organization for the Southwest Community (1959 – 1972), The Woodlawn Organization (1961–present), and the Northwest Community Organization (1962 – present).〔''IAF: 50 Years Organizing for Change'', p. 8.〕 The Woodlawn Organization (TWO) received national attention through Charles Silberman's best-selling ''Crisis in Black and White'' in 1964, which traced the roots of oppression and violence in northern inner city areas. In his concluding chapter, "The Revolt Against Welfare Colonialism," Silberman portrayed TWO as an example of poor blacks reclaiming their dignity through self-organization.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', ch. 24, pp. 425-449.〕 Alinsky's experience in Rochester, New York from 1965 to 1969 with the organization FIGHT and its battle with Eastman Kodak company was more controversial and less successful.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', ch. 25, pp. 450-505.〕 In 1969 Alinsky was able to establish a formal IAF organizer training program, run by Chambers and Dick Harmon, with a grant from Gordon Sherman of Midas Muffler company.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', pp. 516-518.〕 Alinsky published a successful book, ''Rules for Radicals'', in 1971, updating his earlier vision. Alinsky died unexpectedly of a heart attack in June 1972.〔Horwitt, ''Let Them Call Me Rebel'', p. 539.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Industrial Areas Foundation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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